ਕੰਪਿਊਟਰ ਨੂੰ ਅਸੈਮਬਲ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਵੇ/ਅਸੈਮਬਲੀ: ਰੀਵਿਜ਼ਨਾਂ ਵਿਚ ਫ਼ਰਕ

 

 

 

== ਸੰਦ ==

ਕੰਪਿਊਟਰ ਅਸੈਮਬਲ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਪੇਚਕਸ ਤੋ ਇਲਾਵਾ ਹੋਰ ਸੰਦਾਂ ਦੀ ਜਰੂਰਤ ਨਹੀ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਜੇ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਇਹ ਥੱਲੇ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਹੋਏ ਸੰਦਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਇਕੱਠਾ ਕਰ ਲਵੋਂਗੇ ਤਾਂ, ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਕੰਪਿਊਟਰ ਦੇ ਪੁਰਜਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਜੋੜਨਾ ਸੌਖਾ ਹੋ ਜਾਵੇਗਾ।

 

Before you begin building or refitting a computer, you should have some basic tools:

 

[[Image:Antistatic_wrist_strap.jpg|thumb|right|150px|An [[w:antistatic wrist strap|anti-static wrist strap]] with crocodile clip.]]

 

Some other tools and equipment can come in handy as well, such as:

 

# Zip ties or velcro ties for cable management

 

Proper preparation is the key to a successful build. Before you begin, make sure you have all the tools you will need, secure a clear, well-lit workspace, gather all the components you’ll be using and unpack them one at a time, verifying that everything that is supposed to be there is actually present. At this point you should leave the parts themselves in their protective anti-static bags, and assemble all the accompanying manuals. Now I know you want to get started, but trust me, ''read the manuals'', check the diagrams, make sure you understand where each part goes and how it attaches. If there is anything you don’t understand, now is the time to do a little extra Internet research or call the manufacturer with your questions.

 

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# Static electricity is the biggest danger to the expensive parts you are about to assemble, even a tiny shock, much too small for you to feel, can damage or ruin the delicate electronic traces, many times smaller than a human hair, that make up your CPU, RAM and other chips. It’s important to use your anti-static wrist strap to prevent damage to these components. Once you have the power supply installed in the case, clip the end of the wrist strap to the outside of the power supply. (Never plug your computer in while you are connected to it by a wrist strap.) This will ensure that you, the case and the power supply are all connected to a common ground, in other words there will be no inequality of charge that will allow a spark to jump from you to the case. It’s also helpful to have an anti-static mat to set the case and other components on.

# Nobody but you is at fault if you shock your components with static electricity. Make sure that you take the precautions in the previous paragraph to ground yourself from static electricity. (Note: if you really must work on a computer and have not got proper anti-static equipment, it is ''usually'' OK if you make sure that you do not move about much; are not wearing any static-prone clothing; handle components by the edges; and regularly (once a minute or so), touch a grounded object.). The ''case metal'' of your PC's power supply will usually be a suitable grounded object. As noted above, touch it every few minutes while you are working on your PC if you haven’t got a wrist strap.

# Dismantling discrete electronic components such as your Power Supply or Monitor is dangerous. They contain high voltage capacitors, which can cause a severe electric shock if you touch them. These hold a charge even when the unit is not plugged in and are capable of delivering a fatal shock.

 

Start by putting your case down on your work surface, with the case door facing up, and open the case.

 

[[Image:ASRock_K7VT4A_Pro_Mainboard_Labeled_English.svg|center|800px]]

 

Once the motherboard is installed, it is time to plug the other components.

 

[[Image:Intel_Socket_1150_IMGP8593_smial_wp.jpg|thumb|An example of a CPU socket, LGA1150. This is the current processors for consumer Haswell desktop CPU's and some Xeons.]]

[[Image:Socket_2011_IMGP3918.jpg|thumb|LGA2011 socket. These processors are used by i7 Extreme and most Xeons. Note that LGA 2011 CPU's are not comparable with its successor(LGA 2011-3) even though they look similar and have the same number of pins.]]

If you've got the CPU and its cooler installed, and the motherboard in the case, you’re over the hump, there are just a few more easy pieces to go before that momentous first power-up.

 

[[Image:DDR2_ram_mounted.jpg|thumb|left|325px|RAM module in a socket]]

 

If you were to put 1 gigabyte of RAM in your personal computer, it is best to use dual channel 512MBx2 sticks. Put the first 512MB stick in '''slot 1''', and put the 2nd stick in '''slot 3''' (the two slots that are blue) - leaving slot 2 empty. This will give you better performance, vs. putting 1GB in slot 1, or two 512MB sticks in slot 1 and 2.

 

Installing your power supply is pretty straightforward, if it came with your case it was pre-installed and if you took it out earlier to get the motherboard in, now is the time to put it back. Otherwise a few moments of screwdriver work will get the job done. Generally there will be a bracket on the top of the case where the power supply is mounted and a few screws used to fix it in place. Some cases place the Power Supply differently, see the documentation that came with yours.

 

Once you get the power supply installed make sure you check the motherboard documentation carefully for the location of the power sockets. You may then connect the main power, a 20 or 24 pin plug, into the motherboard. There may also be an additional four or eight pin power lead that needs to be plugged in to the motherboard (the CPU power connector) usually located near the processor socket.

 

 

[[Image:Fitting-expansion-card.JPG|thumb|right|300px|Insert the card into a matching slot on the motherboard.]]

When your card is properly installed the line formed by the top of the card will be exactly parallel to the motherboard, if one side seems to be higher than the other, chances are that it is not fully inserted, press a little harder on the high side or pull it out and try again.

 

 

[[Image:P-ata_and_80pin-cable.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The drive jumpers are in the middle (between the connector for the cable and the power connector) but the location may vary.]]

Note that Drive Select will always work, while Cable Select will only work if you have the proper cable.

 

Next install the hard drive and optical drives.

 

If you install a floppy disk drive, the cable is very similar to the IDE cable, but with fewer wires, and a strange little twist in the middle. Floppy drives do not have master/slave configurations. The floppy disk connector is not usually keyed, making it all too easy to plug it in the wrong way! One wire in the IDE cable will be colored differently: this is pin 1. There is usually some indication on the floppy drive as to which side this is. The power plug for a floppy is 4 pins in a line, but rather smaller than the standard hard drive power connector. Plug the end of the cable with the twist into the floppy drive ("drive A:"). Plug the other end of the floppy ribbon cable into the motherboard. If you install a second floppy drives, plug the middle connector into "drive B:". The twist between drive A: (on the end) and drive B (in the middle) helps the computer distinguish between them.<ref>[http://www.pcguide.com/ref/fdd/confCable-c.html PC Guide]</ref>

 

 

[[Image:Mainboard_pins.png|thumb|right|300px|Some cables are attached to pins on a board (e.g. motherboard or extension card)]]